The following outcomes were assessed: (1) the use of individual medical find more therapies; (2) the intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction effect of individual medicines; (3) the reporting of side effects.Results:Medicines were prescribed 1592 times (200 patients). The median % IOP reduction for latanoprost 50 mcg/mL was -17.2% and for the topical beta blockers was -17.7% (as monotherapy), with no statistical difference in IOP-lowering effect between all the medicines (P=0.19). Side effects were reported in 19.5% of all patientsthe highest occurrence with brimonidine tartrate 0.2% (in 17% patients) and the lowest occurrence with the prostaglandin analogue and prostamide medicines

(in 3.8% patients). The combination of dorzolamide hydrochloride 2%, timolol maleate 0.5% had the greatest persistence of 1 year.Conclusions:The IOP-lowering Smoothened Agonist cost effects of all the glaucoma medicines were not significantly different although the combination of dorzolamide hydrochloride 2%, timolol maleate 0.5% had the greatest persistence.”
“Background: Trisomy 9p is an uncommon anomaly characterised by mental retardation, head and facial abnormalities, congenital heart

defects, kidney abnormalities, and skeletal malformations. Affected children may also show growth and puberty retardation with delayed bone age. Auxological and endocrinological data are lacking for this syndrome.\n\nMethods: We describe three girls and one boy with 9p trisomy showing substantial growth failure, and we evaluate the main causes of their short stature.\n\nResults: The target height was normal in all families, ranging from 0.1 and -1.2 standard deviation scores (SDS). The patients had a low birth-weight (from -1.2 to -2.4 SDS), birth length (from selleck chemicals -1.1 to -3.2 SDS), and head circumference (from -0.5 to -1.6 SDS). All patients presented with substantial growth (height) retardation at the time of 9p trisomy diagnosis (from -3.0 to -3.8 SDS).\n\nThe growth hormone stimulation test revealed a classic growth hormone (GH) deficiency (GHD) in patients 1, 3, and 4. In contrast, patient 2 was determined to have a GH neurosecretory dysfunction (GHNSD). The plasma concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were low in all

patients for their ages and sexes (from -2.0 to -3.4 SDS, and from -1.9 to -2.8 SDS, respectively).\n\nThe auxological follow-up showed that those patients who underwent rhGH treatment exhibited a very good response to the GH therapy, whereas patients 3 and 4, whose families chose not to use rhGH treatment, did not experience any significant catch-up growth.\n\nConclusions: GH deficiency appears to be a possible feature of patients with 9p trisomy syndrome. These patients, particularly those with growth delays, should be evaluated for GH secretion.”
“BACKGROUND: Lately, Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (FAST) is preferred over diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) as adjunct to primary survey. However, this is not evidence-based as there has been no randomized trial.